See sommelier on Wiktionary
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"etymology_text": "Borrowed from French sommelier (“originally, a person in charge of the beasts of burden carrying wine”), from somme (“pack”) + -ier (suffix forming the names of jobs). somme is from Vulgar Latin *sauma, from Latin sagma (“packsaddle”).",
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"word": "sommeliere"
},
{
"english": "female sommelier",
"word": "sommelière"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "The sommelier recommended the perfect wine, opened the bottle with panache, and served it into glasses.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "2010, Kathleen Thompson Hill, “Sommelier”, in Career Opportunities in the Food and Beverage Industry, New York, N.Y.: Ferguson, Infobase Publishing, →ISBN, page 44, column 1:",
"text": "A Sommelier or wine steward organizes a restaurant's entire wine program, from tasting to pairing of wines with foods the chef might prepare according to seasonal meat, seafood, and produce availability, to ordering and keeping inventory, staying on top of local, domestic, and foreign releases, and educating waitstaff about wines and their nuances. […] A Sommelier must make novice wine drinkers comfortable and explain wine complexities simply, while knowing wines well enough to satisfy the most demanding customer.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2014, Lisa Boalt Richardson, “Beyond the Cup: Pairing, Cooking, Cocktails, and More”, in Modern Tea: A Fresh Look at an Ancient Beverage, San Francisco, Calif.: Chronicle Books, →ISBN, page 115:",
"text": "There's a new kid on the block: the tea sommelier. […] In the Western world, the first acting tea sommelier on the scene was Helen Gustafson, although the title was never bestowed her. […] She stayed at the restaurant for twenty years, and although she did not have the formal title of tea sommelier—no one did at the time—many in the industry credit her with leading the charge that has resulted in fine-dining establishments improving their tea service.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2015, Nak-Eon Choi, Jung H. Han, “Technological Advancements Brought by the Love of Flavors”, in How Flavor Works: The Science of Taste and Aroma, Chichester, West Sussex: Wiley-Blackwell, →ISBN, page 122:",
"text": "The fMRI [functional magnetic resonance imaging] brain images of sommeliers show that their brains act very differently from ordinary brains when they taste wine. An Italian radiology research group (Castriota-Scanderbeg et al., 2005) showed activation of the cerebral network in the left insula and adjoining orbito-frontal cortex in sommeliers.",
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"The member of staff at a restaurant who keeps the wine cellar and advises the guests on a choice of wines; a wine steward / stewardess, a wine waiter / waitress / server."
],
"id": "en-sommelier-en-noun-EN4WmI6z",
"links": [
[
"member",
"member"
],
[
"staff",
"staff"
],
[
"restaurant",
"restaurant"
],
[
"wine cellar",
"wine cellar"
],
[
"advise",
"advise"
],
[
"guest",
"guest"
],
[
"wine",
"wine"
],
[
"steward",
"steward"
],
[
"stewardess",
"stewardess"
],
[
"waiter",
"waiter"
],
[
"waitress",
"waitress"
],
[
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"server"
]
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"synonyms": [
{
"word": "somm"
},
{
"word": "wine server"
},
{
"word": "wine steward"
},
{
"word": "wine stewardess"
},
{
"word": "wine waiter"
},
{
"word": "wine waitress"
}
],
"translations": [
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"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "somelie",
"sense": "wine steward / stewardess, wine waiter / waitress",
"word": "սոմելիե"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "wine steward / stewardess, wine waiter / waitress",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "sommelier"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "wine steward / stewardess, wine waiter / waitress",
"word": "侍酒師"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "shìjiǔshī",
"sense": "wine steward / stewardess, wine waiter / waitress",
"word": "侍酒师"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "wine steward / stewardess, wine waiter / waitress",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "wijnkelner"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "wine steward / stewardess, wine waiter / waitress",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sommelier"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "wine steward / stewardess, wine waiter / waitress",
"word": "someliero"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "wine steward / stewardess, wine waiter / waitress",
"word": "sommelieeri"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "wine steward / stewardess, wine waiter / waitress",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sommelier"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "wine steward / stewardess, wine waiter / waitress",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "sommelière"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "wine steward / stewardess, wine waiter / waitress",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Weinkellner"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "wine steward / stewardess, wine waiter / waitress",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Weinkellnerin"
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{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "wine steward / stewardess, wine waiter / waitress",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Sommelier"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "wine steward / stewardess, wine waiter / waitress",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Sommelière"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "oinochóos",
"sense": "wine steward / stewardess, wine waiter / waitress",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "οινοχόος"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "wine steward / stewardess, wine waiter / waitress",
"word": "sommelier"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "wine steward / stewardess, wine waiter / waitress",
"word": "sommelier"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "somurie",
"sense": "wine steward / stewardess, wine waiter / waitress",
"word": "ソムリエ"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "someullie",
"sense": "wine steward / stewardess, wine waiter / waitress",
"word": "소믈리에"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "wine steward / stewardess, wine waiter / waitress",
"word": "kaihari waina"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "wine steward / stewardess, wine waiter / waitress",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "vinkelner"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "wine steward / stewardess, wine waiter / waitress",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kiper"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "wine steward / stewardess, wine waiter / waitress",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sommelier"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "wine steward / stewardess, wine waiter / waitress",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "escanção"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "wine steward / stewardess, wine waiter / waitress",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "sommelier"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "wine steward / stewardess, wine waiter / waitress",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "somelier"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "somelʹjé",
"sense": "wine steward / stewardess, wine waiter / waitress",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "сомелье́"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "wine steward / stewardess, wine waiter / waitress",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sumiller"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "wine steward / stewardess, wine waiter / waitress",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "escanciador"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "wine steward / stewardess, wine waiter / waitress",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "sommelier"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "wine steward / stewardess, wine waiter / waitress",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "vinkypare"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "wine steward / stewardess, wine waiter / waitress",
"word": "şarap garsonu"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "somelʹjé",
"sense": "wine steward / stewardess, wine waiter / waitress",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "сомельє́"
}
]
}
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"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˌsɒmˈmɛli.ə/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˌsɔːməlˈjeɪ/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˌsɔməlˈjeɪ/",
"tags": [
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"etymology_text": "Borrowed from French sommelier (“originally, a person in charge of the beasts of burden carrying wine”), from somme (“pack”) + -ier (suffix forming the names of jobs). somme is from Vulgar Latin *sauma, from Latin sagma (“packsaddle”).",
"forms": [
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"form": "sommeliers",
"tags": [
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"singular",
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{
"form": "sommeliering",
"tags": [
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"present"
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},
{
"form": "sommeliered",
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"ref": "1993, Hotel & Catering Review, volume 23, page 6:",
"text": "The final nerve-wracking task involved “sommeliering” throughout a gourmet lunch for judges and wine writers – and answering the tricky questions which were inevitably thrown their way.",
"type": "quote"
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],
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"To act as a sommelier."
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"id": "en-sommelier-en-verb-pWGgsUjD",
"links": [
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"sommelier#Noun"
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"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) To act as a sommelier."
],
"tags": [
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"ipa": "/ˌsɒmˈmɛli.ə/",
"tags": [
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"ipa": "/ˌsɔːməlˈjeɪ/",
"tags": [
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]
},
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"ipa": "/ˌsɔməlˈjeɪ/",
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"rhymes": "-eɪ"
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"word": "sommelier"
}
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"descendants": [
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"depth": 1,
"templates": [
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"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "sommelier",
"bor": "1"
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"expansion": "→ English: sommelier",
"name": "desc"
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],
"text": "→ English: sommelier"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "sommelier",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Polish: sommelier",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Polish: sommelier"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "sommelier",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Portuguese: sommelier",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Portuguese: sommelier"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "сомелье́",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Russian: сомелье́ (somelʹjé)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Russian: сомелье́ (somelʹjé)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "sumiller",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Spanish: sumiller",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Spanish: sumiller"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "sommelier",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Swedish: sommelier",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Swedish: sommelier"
}
],
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"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "somme",
"3": "-ier"
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"expansion": "somme + -ier",
"name": "af"
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{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "VL.",
"3": "*salma"
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"expansion": "Vulgar Latin *salma",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "la",
"3": "sagma",
"4": "",
"5": "packsaddle"
},
"expansion": "Latin sagma (“packsaddle”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From somme + -ier; ultimately from bête de somme; somme is from Vulgar Latin *salma, from Latin sagma (“packsaddle”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "sommeliers",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sommelière",
"tags": [
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]
}
],
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"f": "+"
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},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "shìjiǔshī",
"sense": "wine steward / stewardess, wine waiter / waitress",
"word": "侍酒师"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "wine steward / stewardess, wine waiter / waitress",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "wijnkelner"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "wine steward / stewardess, wine waiter / waitress",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sommelier"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "wine steward / stewardess, wine waiter / waitress",
"word": "someliero"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "wine steward / stewardess, wine waiter / waitress",
"word": "sommelieeri"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "wine steward / stewardess, wine waiter / waitress",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sommelier"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "wine steward / stewardess, wine waiter / waitress",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "sommelière"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "wine steward / stewardess, wine waiter / waitress",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Weinkellner"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "wine steward / stewardess, wine waiter / waitress",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Weinkellnerin"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "wine steward / stewardess, wine waiter / waitress",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Sommelier"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "wine steward / stewardess, wine waiter / waitress",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Sommelière"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "oinochóos",
"sense": "wine steward / stewardess, wine waiter / waitress",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "οινοχόος"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "wine steward / stewardess, wine waiter / waitress",
"word": "sommelier"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "wine steward / stewardess, wine waiter / waitress",
"word": "sommelier"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "somurie",
"sense": "wine steward / stewardess, wine waiter / waitress",
"word": "ソムリエ"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "someullie",
"sense": "wine steward / stewardess, wine waiter / waitress",
"word": "소믈리에"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "wine steward / stewardess, wine waiter / waitress",
"word": "kaihari waina"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "wine steward / stewardess, wine waiter / waitress",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "vinkelner"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "wine steward / stewardess, wine waiter / waitress",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kiper"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "wine steward / stewardess, wine waiter / waitress",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sommelier"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "wine steward / stewardess, wine waiter / waitress",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "escanção"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "wine steward / stewardess, wine waiter / waitress",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "sommelier"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "wine steward / stewardess, wine waiter / waitress",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "somelier"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "somelʹjé",
"sense": "wine steward / stewardess, wine waiter / waitress",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "сомелье́"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "wine steward / stewardess, wine waiter / waitress",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sumiller"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "wine steward / stewardess, wine waiter / waitress",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "escanciador"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "wine steward / stewardess, wine waiter / waitress",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "sommelier"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "wine steward / stewardess, wine waiter / waitress",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "vinkypare"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "wine steward / stewardess, wine waiter / waitress",
"word": "şarap garsonu"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "somelʹjé",
"sense": "wine steward / stewardess, wine waiter / waitress",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "сомельє́"
}
],
"word": "sommelier"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms borrowed from French",
"English terms derived from French",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Vulgar Latin",
"English terms suffixed with -er",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/eɪ",
"Rhymes:English/eɪ/3 syllables",
"Terms with Armenian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Norwegian translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"en:Occupations",
"en:People",
"en:Wine"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fr",
"3": "sommelier",
"4": "",
"5": "originally, a person in charge of the beasts of burden carrying wine"
},
"expansion": "French sommelier (“originally, a person in charge of the beasts of burden carrying wine”)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "somme",
"3": "-ier",
"gloss1": "pack",
"id1": "packsaddle",
"nocat": "1",
"pos2": "suffix forming the names of jobs"
},
"expansion": "somme (“pack”) + -ier (suffix forming the names of jobs)",
"name": "af"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "VL.",
"3": "*sauma"
},
"expansion": "Vulgar Latin *sauma",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "sagma",
"4": "",
"5": "packsaddle"
},
"expansion": "Latin sagma (“packsaddle”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from French sommelier (“originally, a person in charge of the beasts of burden carrying wine”), from somme (“pack”) + -ier (suffix forming the names of jobs). somme is from Vulgar Latin *sauma, from Latin sagma (“packsaddle”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "sommeliers",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sommeliering",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "sommeliered",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "sommeliered",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "sommelier (third-person singular simple present sommeliers, present participle sommeliering, simple past and past participle sommeliered)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"som‧mel‧i‧er"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with rare senses"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1993, Hotel & Catering Review, volume 23, page 6:",
"text": "The final nerve-wracking task involved “sommeliering” throughout a gourmet lunch for judges and wine writers – and answering the tricky questions which were inevitably thrown their way.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To act as a sommelier."
],
"links": [
[
"sommelier",
"sommelier#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) To act as a sommelier."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˌsɒmˈmɛli.ə/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˌsɔːməlˈjeɪ/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˌsɔməlˈjeɪ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-au-sommelier.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a9/En-au-sommelier.ogg/En-au-sommelier.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a9/En-au-sommelier.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-eɪ"
}
],
"word": "sommelier"
}
{
"categories": [
"French 3-syllable words",
"French countable nouns",
"French entries with incorrect language header",
"French lemmas",
"French masculine nouns",
"French nouns",
"French terms derived from Latin",
"French terms derived from Vulgar Latin",
"French terms inherited from Latin",
"French terms inherited from Vulgar Latin",
"French terms suffixed with -ier",
"French terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "sommelier",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ English: sommelier",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ English: sommelier"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "sommelier",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Polish: sommelier",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Polish: sommelier"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "sommelier",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Portuguese: sommelier",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Portuguese: sommelier"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "сомелье́",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Russian: сомелье́ (somelʹjé)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Russian: сомелье́ (somelʹjé)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "sumiller",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Spanish: sumiller",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Spanish: sumiller"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "sommelier",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Swedish: sommelier",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Swedish: sommelier"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "somme",
"3": "-ier"
},
"expansion": "somme + -ier",
"name": "af"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "VL.",
"3": "*salma"
},
"expansion": "Vulgar Latin *salma",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "la",
"3": "sagma",
"4": "",
"5": "packsaddle"
},
"expansion": "Latin sagma (“packsaddle”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From somme + -ier; ultimately from bête de somme; somme is from Vulgar Latin *salma, from Latin sagma (“packsaddle”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "sommeliers",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sommelière",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"f": "+"
},
"expansion": "sommelier m (plural sommeliers, feminine sommelière)",
"name": "fr-noun"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"sommelier, wine steward (a person who is in charge of the wine cellar in a restaurant)"
],
"links": [
[
"sommelier",
"sommelier#English"
],
[
"wine steward",
"wine steward"
],
[
"wine cellar",
"wine cellar#English"
],
[
"restaurant",
"restaurant#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"the person in charge of bread, linens, crockery, and liquor; the chief of table setting"
],
"qualifier": "estate house",
"raw_glosses": [
"(estate house) the person in charge of bread, linens, crockery, and liquor; the chief of table setting"
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"French terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"the person in charge of the wine convoy, its beasts of burden, and its protection"
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) the person in charge of the wine convoy, its beasts of burden, and its protection"
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/sɔ.mə.lje/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-Benoît Prieur-sommelier.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a3/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Beno%C3%AEt_Prieur-sommelier.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Beno%C3%AEt_Prieur-sommelier.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a3/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Beno%C3%AEt_Prieur-sommelier.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Beno%C3%AEt_Prieur-sommelier.wav.ogg"
}
],
"word": "sommelier"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "fr",
"3": "sommelier"
},
"expansion": "Unadapted borrowing from French sommelier",
"name": "ubor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Unadapted borrowing from French sommelier.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-m-pr",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "sommelier",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sommelierzy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sommeliery",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"derogatory",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sommeliera",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sommelierów",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sommelierowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sommelierom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sommeliera",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sommelierów",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sommelierem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sommelierami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sommelierze",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sommelierach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sommelierze",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "sommelierzy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-pr"
},
"expansion": "sommelier m pers",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"so‧mme‧lier"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-m-pr"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Polish 3-syllable words",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish links with manual fragments",
"Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"Polish masculine nouns",
"Polish nouns",
"Polish personal nouns",
"Polish terms borrowed from French",
"Polish terms derived from French",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish unadapted borrowings from French",
"Rhymes:Polish/ɛljɛr",
"Rhymes:Polish/ɛljɛr/3 syllables",
"pl:Occupations",
"pl:People",
"pl:Wine"
],
"glosses": [
"sommelier, wine steward (member of staff at a restaurant who keeps the wine cellar and advises the guests on a choice of wines)"
],
"links": [
[
"sommelier",
"sommelier#English"
],
[
"wine steward",
"wine steward"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "kiper"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"person"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/sɔˈmɛ.ljɛr/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛljɛr"
}
],
"word": "sommelier"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "fr",
"3": "sommelier"
},
"expansion": "Unadapted borrowing from French sommelier",
"name": "ubor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Unadapted borrowing from French sommelier.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "sommeliers",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sommelière",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "sommelières",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "#s",
"f": "sommelière"
},
"expansion": "sommelier m (plural sommeliers, feminine sommelière, feminine plural sommelières)",
"name": "pt-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Portuguese 3-syllable words",
"Portuguese 4-syllable words",
"Portuguese countable nouns",
"Portuguese entries with incorrect language header",
"Portuguese lemmas",
"Portuguese masculine nouns",
"Portuguese nouns",
"Portuguese terms borrowed from French",
"Portuguese terms derived from French",
"Portuguese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Portuguese unadapted borrowings from French"
],
"glosses": [
"sommelier (wine steward)"
],
"links": [
[
"sommelier",
"sommelier#English"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "escanção"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/so.me.liˈe/",
"tags": [
"Brazil"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[so.me.lɪˈe]",
"tags": [
"Brazil"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/so.meˈlje/",
"tags": [
"Brazil"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/sɔ.mɛˈlje/",
"tags": [
"Portugal"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"rare"
],
"word": "someliê"
}
],
"word": "sommelier"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "fr",
"3": "sommelier"
},
"expansion": "Unadapted borrowing from French sommelier",
"name": "ubor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Unadapted borrowing from French sommelier.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "sommelieres",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "sommelier m (plural sommelieres)",
"name": "es-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Spanish/e",
"Rhymes:Spanish/e/3 syllables",
"Spanish 3-syllable words",
"Spanish countable nouns",
"Spanish entries with incorrect language header",
"Spanish lemmas",
"Spanish masculine nouns",
"Spanish nouns",
"Spanish terms borrowed from French",
"Spanish terms derived from French",
"Spanish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Spanish unadapted borrowings from French"
],
"glosses": [
"sommelier"
],
"links": [
[
"sommelier",
"sommelier#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Royal Spanish Academy"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/someˈlje/"
},
{
"ipa": "[so.meˈlje]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-e"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "sumiller"
}
],
"word": "sommelier"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "fr",
"3": "sommelier"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from French sommelier",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from French sommelier.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sv-infl-noun-c-er",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "sommelier",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sommelieren",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sommelierer",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sommeliererna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sommeliers",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sommelierens",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sommelierers",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sommelierernas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "nouns",
"3": "",
"g": "c",
"g2": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "sommelier c",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "c"
},
"expansion": "sommelier c",
"name": "sv-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "sv-infl-noun-c-er"
}
],
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "somalier"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Swedish common-gender nouns",
"Swedish entries with incorrect language header",
"Swedish lemmas",
"Swedish nouns",
"Swedish terms borrowed from French",
"Swedish terms derived from French"
],
"glosses": [
"a sommelier"
],
"links": [
[
"sommelier",
"sommelier#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"wikipedia": [
"sv:sommelier"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "vinkypare"
}
],
"word": "sommelier"
}
Download raw JSONL data for sommelier meaning in All languages combined (25.4kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.